The Influence of Chemical, Organic and Biological Fertilizers on Agrobiological and Antioxidant Properties of Syrian Cephalaria (Cephalaria Syriaca L.)

Since chemical fertilizers pollute soil, water and crops, conscientious agricultural producers seek alternatives to chemical fertilizers. Biological fertilizers are considered a reliable alternative for improving soil productivity and plant growth in sustainable agriculture. The response of some agrobiological and antioxidant properties of Syrian cephalaria (Cephalaria syriaca L.) to different fertilizer sources was explored in an experiment which included: (i) mycorrhiza + manure; (ii) mycorrhiza + vermicompost; (iii) mycorrhiza + Azotobacter; (iv) mycorrhiza + chemical fertilizer; (v) mycorrhiza; and (vi) control. The results showed that the highest seed yield, biological yield, oil percentage yield, were observed in plants treated with mycorrhiza + vermicompost, whereas the highest 1000-seed weight was obtained from the application of mycorrhiza + manure. With respect to photosynthesizing pigments, the application of mycorrhiza + vermicompost increased chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll, carotenoid content as well as total phenols, total flavonoids and DPPH antioxidant activity as compared to control (unfertilized) plants. The mixed application of different fertilizer sources influenced the uptake of trace elements (Fe, Zn and Cu) optimally. In the light of the obtained results for the agrobiological and antioxidant properties of Syrian cephalaria, in most of the measured traits, there is no significant difference between manure, vermicompost and chemical fertilizers in combination with mycorrhiza. Hence the use of organic and biological inputs instead of chemical fertilizer for improving crop efficiency and quality with the aim of alleviating pollution and accomplishing sustainable agriculture is highly encouraging

Yetişme Ortamının Bazı Echium amoenum Genotiplerinin Morfolojik ve Tohum Özellikleri Üzerine Etkisi

Bu çalışma Echium amoenum bitkisinin morfolojik ve tohum özellikleri üzerine yetişme  ortamının etkisini belirlenmek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Deneme Urmia Üniversitesi, Ziraat Fakültesi, Tarla Bitkileri Bölümünde, 2014 yılında yapılmıştır. Çalışmada Maku, Khoy, Salmas, Urmia, Piranshahr ve Tebriz ekotipleri ele alınmıştır. Denemede çiçeklenme başlangıç tarihi, çiçeklenme döneminde bitki boyu, yaprak eni ve boyu, bitki başına kuru ağırlık, 1000 tane ağırlığı, bitki başına çiçek sayısı, tohum boyutu, çimlenme oranı, çimlenme hızı, fide vigor indeksi, fide boyu ve fide yeşil ve kuru ağırlığı özellikleri değerlendirilmiştir. Ekotiplerin yetişme ortamlarının rakımı, rüzgar hızı ve ortalama yıllık yağış miktarının farklı olduğundan dolayı bu özellikler ile bitki morfolojik özelliklerinin regresyonu değerlendirilmiştir. Ayrıca tohum özellikleri ile iklim özellikleri arasındaki lineer ilişki de değerlendirilmiştir. Araştırma sonucu yetişme ortamının bitki morfolojik ve tohum özellikleri üzerine etkili olduğunu göstermektedir. Fakat ortalama yıllık yağış miktarı dışında iklim değişiklikleri ile morfolojik indeksleri arasında lineer ilişki bulunmamıştır. Aynı sonuç tohum özelliklerinin çoğunda da tespit edilmiştir. Bin tane ağırlığı ile ortalama yıllık yağış miktarı ve yetişme ortamının rakımı arasında lineer ilişki bulunmuştur. Buna rağmen vigor ile üç iklim faktörlerinin arasında lineer ilişki tespit edilmemiştir. Fide uzunluğu ile yetişme ortamının rüzgar hızı arasında lineer ilişki saptanmıştır

Identify Hidden Designs in Antique Paintings Using Industrial Radiography

[EN] Journal of Research on Archaeometry, 2020; 6 (2):127¿140 URL: http://jra-tabriziau.ir/DOI: 10.52547/jra.6.2.127 Accepted: 12/15/2020Received: 09/24/2020 Abstract In past centuries, to prevent exquisite paintings, new works of art were painted on them. To identify the hidden paintings on the board, using digital radiography as a non-destructive testing method is recommended. Some phenomenon such as photon scattering, different types of noises, etc. causes on the quality of output radiographs. In this paper, we use two pyramid-based techniques, i.e., the Gaussian pyramid method and the Laplacian pyramid method, to improve the quality of radiographs. The experimental results show the effectiveness of applied techniques for identifying the hidden paintingsMirzapour, M.; Yahaghi, E.; Ghiyasi Limanjubi, SM.; Madrid García, JA.; Movafeghi, A. (2020). Identify Hidden Designs in Antique Paintings Using Industrial Radiography. Journal of Research on Archaeometry. 6(2):127-140. https://doi.org/10.52547/jra.6.2.1271271406

Foliar Applications of ZnO and Its Nanoparticles Increase Safflower (<i>Carthamus tinctorius</i> L.) Growth and Yield under Water Stress

Foliar application or minerals is a methodology to promote growth and/or yield and to protect plants against different kinds of stresses. Currently there is a great interest in evaluating the effect of nanoparticles for enhancing the effect of these treatments. This study was performed to evaluate and compare the effect of foliar application of zinc oxide (ZnO) and zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) on the growth and yield of safflower under different irrigation regimes. Foliar applications of ZnO in all concentrations (4, 6, 8, 10, 12, and 14 g L−1) led to an increase in biomass yield, number of capitula per plant, number of seeds per capitulum, and grain yield of plants compared with control plants. The maximum increase in the studied traits was obtained with a ZnO concentration of 6, 8, and 10 g L−1. In a second round of experiments, we observed the effect of nanoparticles and found that spraying with ZnO and ZnO-NPs at a concentration of 10 g L−1 may ameliorate the deleterious effects of water deficit. The results of the present study support the idea that foliar application of ZnO improves safflower yield, especially under drought stress, and showed that using of nanoparticles increases the efficiency of the application